<<>><<>><<>><<>>________________________________________<<>><<>><<>><<>>
<<>><<>><<>>_____TURKISTAN NEWSLETTER___ISSN:__1386-6265____<<>><<>><<>>
<<>><<>><<>>____________________________________________<<>><<>><<>><<>>
<<>><<>><<>>________Editor/Manager: Mehmet Tutuncu______<<>><<>><<>><<>>
<<>><<>><<>>______Business:S.Bogut,H.Savas______________<<>><<>><<>><<>>
<<>><<>><<>>___Features: I. Noyan-Izmirli,Y. Puersuen___<<>><<>><<>><<>>
<<>><<>><<>>______Technical: T. Ates, K. Cagiltay_______<<>><<>><<>><<>>
<<>><<>>______Associate Editors: A.Baguirov, A. Eren,Z.Kadir____<<>><<>>
<<>><<>>____Editorial Board:Dr.Robert M.Cutler, Dr.H.M.Hubey____<<>><<>>
<<>><<>>___Dr.T.Kocaoglu, Dr. H.B. Paksoy, Dr.N.Sariahmetoglu___<<>><<>>
<<>><<>>________________________________________________________<<>><<>>
<<>><<>><<>><<>>_____Volume:97-1:24---17--July--1997____<<>><<>><<>><<>>
<<>>________________________________________________________________<<>>
<>Uze kok tengri asra yagiz yer kilintukta ekin ara kisi ogli kilinmis<>
<<>><<>>________________________________________________________<<>><<>>
<<>><<>>_______Archives of the Turkistan Newsletter are at:_____<<>><<>>
<<>><<>>___<http://www.euronet.nl/users/sota/turkistan.htm>_____<<>><<>>
<<>><<>>____________________________________________________<<>><<>><<>>
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____________ Kyrgyz news-- Naryn Aiyp
____________ TR News -- A. Toprak
____________ RFE/RL News -- Y. Puersuen
____________ Lessons from the Tajik Conflict -- Alan Fogequist
Eurasia Research Center
____________ Book Notes -- H.B. Paksoy
____________ Past Attempts to Create Tatar Statehood -- B. Sabirzyan
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KYRGYZ NEWS - 16 JULY 1997
1. President Askar Akayev's visit to the U.S. ended and Kyrgyz delegation left
Washington late on 15 July. On the last day, 15 July, President Akayev met
with the U.S. vice president Al Gore. Continuation of the political and
economic reforms in Kyrgyzstan was discussed.
2. Congress of the Issyk-Kul Forum began in Bishkek today. Prime minister
Apas Joumagulov opened the today's session. Also, Tchingiz Aitmatov, founder
of the Forum; Federiko Major, UNESCO Director General; Yevgeniy Yevtushenko,
Russian poet; Mukhtar Shakhanov, Kazakh poet and Kazakh ambassador to
Kyrgyzstan, addressed the session. Problems of culture, ethnic problems,
nationalism, other issues were discussed.
A special monument, devoted to the Issyk-Kul Forum, was opened in Bishkek
today. Congress participants visited Meyerim charity foundation, headed by
first lady Mairam Akayeva, today. Suleiman Demirel, Turkish president, and
Mikhail Gorbachev, former USSR president, will arrive in Bishkek later today.
Congress will last 3 days and President Akayev expected to take part.
Forum was founded by Kyrgyz writer Aitmatov in 1986, its congresses were held
in Kyrgyzstan, Switzerland, Russia. Peter Ustinov, Arthur Miller, James
Baldwin, other prominent people took part in them.
3. Suleiman Imanbayev, chairman of the Central electoral commission, told our
correspondent in Bishkek today that a new Electoral Code has been worked out
by Kyrgyz government and president administration. If it passes in Parliament,
electoral system in the country will be changed completely.
Several law drafts on changing electoral system are considering in the
Parliament now and some MPs have declared that the government activity on it
undermined them. Main point of the parliament drafts is holding parliamentary
elections by party lists.
4. Interior ministry announced in Bishkek today some data for 6 months of
1997. 19,686 crimes were registered in the country in this period and 71.4% of
them were disclosed. There were 20,816 crimes in first 6 months of 1996.
According to the ministry, there were 224 murders, 154 rapes, 826 burglaries
and 1,812 economical crimes in January-June. 1,045 crimes were committed by
women. Also, 1,515 crimes, linked with drug smuggling, were registered in the
period, it is more than in 6 months of 1996 by 213.
5. State Tax agency announced in Bishkek today that 1,821 million som (about
$110 million) taxes were collected in the first 6 months of 1997. According to
the Agency, it is more than planned by 3 million som.
6. Member of the editorial board of the independent Res Publica weekly told
our correspondent in Bishkek today that Toktobai Mulkubatov had been choosed
as acting chief editor of the weekly. Zamira Sydykova, editor-in-chief, was
accused of insulting a manager of the state gold company and semtenced last
May to 18 months of colony working. She appealed to the Supreme court, but the
case had not been considered yet.
The weekly was founded in 1992 by Sydykova and became the most popular paper
in Bishkek. It is ussued both in Kyrgyz and Russian editions.
7. Chairwoman of the Kyrgyz Movement for the unity of the soviet people,
professor Klara Ajybekova, told our corresponent in Bishkek today that 3
political parties (Communist party, Bei-Bechara party and Agrarian-Labor
party) and 6 movement in Kyrgyzstan had support an idea, that Kyrgyzstan
should join the Union, formed by Russia and Belarus. According to Ajybekova, a
special appeal on it to the Kyrgyz authorities will be made soon.
8. Official from the governemntal commission on religious affairs told our
correspondent today that a Kyrgyz delegation, included representatives of the
all religious confessions of Kyrgyzstan, will visit the U.S. in August, on
invitation by the USIA. They will acquaint with religious situation in the
U.S.
KYRGYZ NEWS - 17 JULY 1997
1. State information agency Kabar announced in Bishkek today that President
Askar Akayev's visit to the U.S. on 9-15 July was very fruitful. According to
the agency, Akayev met with the U.S. vice president Al Gore, members of the
Congress and government, leaders of the American and International finance and
business bodies. Agreements between the American State Department and Kyrgyz
Foreign ministry, between the American Exim Bank and Kyrgyz National Bank,
between Maryland university and Kyrgyz National university, between American
COMSAT and Kyrgytelecom and others were signed during the visit.
Also, American Newmont company will engage in the gold mining in Kyrgyzstan
and American Diamond company will cooperate with Kyrgyz state tobacco firm.
2. President Akayev gave an exclusive interview on the results of the visit to
the RFE/RL's correspondent on 16 July. According to Kyrgyz President, the U.S.
supported Kyrgyzstan in its economical and political reforms. Kyrgyzstan
received support from the International finance bodies, too. Akayev mentioned
that Kyrgyzstan is a single country in the CIS, national currency of wich,
som, is one of the hardest currencies in the CIS. Kyrgyz som, introduced in
1993, has been devaluated in 4 years 4 times only. Akayev said this success
has been reached with the help of the IMF.
Akayev said that the U.S. vice president Al Gore promised further American
support to Kyrgyzstan. Gore will help Kyrgyzstan to enter the World Trade
Organization. Also, the U.S. will help Kyrgyzstan in providing Kyrgyz
seismologycal stations with modern equipment and to connect Kyrgyz
governmental bodies and institutions with Internet. According to Akayev, he
and Gore agreed to open a Kyrgyz-American University in Bishkek.
Al Gore visited Kyrgyzstan in 1993 and attended at the opening ceremony of the
Kyrgyz-American faculty at the Kyrgyz National university.
3. Congress of the Issyk-Kul Forum is continuing in Bishkek today and culture
problems were discussed. UNESCO Director General, Federico Major, made a
report on world development. Mikhail Gorbachev, former USSR president, made a
report on the role of individuals in securing the peace in the world.
President Akayev received the participants of the congress this afternoon.
About 100 people from around the world take part in the congress, which began
yesterday. Issyk-Kul Forum was founded by Kyrgyz writer Tchingiz Aitmatov in
1986 and he is its president.
4. Suleiman Demirel, Turkish president, arrived in Bishkek today. He will take
part in the congress of the Issyk-Kul Forum. Also, he will meet with President
Akayev to discuss bilateral relations.
5. Conference of journalists from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan began
in Bishkek today. Media role in integration of the Central Asian states is
being discussed. Association of journalists of the three states was founded in
1995, after the Central Asian union was formed in 1994. Sessions of the
conference will be continued in the resort town of Cholpon-Ata and a special
memorandum will be adopted on 20 July.
6. Journalist with the independent Res Publica weekly, Yrysbek Omurzakov, told
our correspondent in Bishkek today that he was invited to the Lenin district
procurator office this morning. Inspector Turusbek Myrzabayev warned
Omurzakov that a new lawsuit could be opened against him. Myrzabayev refused
to give detailed reasons of it.
Omurzakov was accused of insulting a factory manager in his article, published
in January. He was arrested on 24 March. Trial against him was held in May,
but was halted in 2 days for indefinite period because the district court
could not proved his guilty. He was released on 11 June, after the decision of
the municipal court, taken on 10 June, but the case has not been stopped.
Since that, Omurzakov has not published any article.
7. Official from the Justice ministry told our correspondent today that the
Ministry registered a new party on 16 July. Labour-People party is the 16th
political party in the country, it has been parted from the Bei-Bechara party
recently. Chairman of the new party is writer Emil Omurakunov. There are 612
members in the party now.
8. Official from the UNDP branch office in Bishkek told our correspondent in
Bishkek today that a new head of the office, Anna Styarniklint, will arrive in
Bishkek on 19 July. She will begin to work as a UNDP representative in
Kyrgyzstan beginning with 21 July. Styarniklint is a Swedish diplomat and had
worked in Mongolia before.
9. State statistical board announced in Bishkek today that there were 114,000
unemployed in Kyrgyzstan by 1 July, 1997. 59,400 of them were officially
registered. 57.6% of unemployed are women, one third - youth. Also, according
to the Statistical board, the minimal subsistence level is 726 som ($43) in
Kyrgyzstan now and an average monthly salary is 567 som ($33).
10. Official from the American Peace Corp told our correspondent in Bishkek
today that new 43 volunteers had come to Kyrgyzstan, 31 of them will work in
Kyrgyz scools in countryside as English teachers. 12 of them will be engaged
in small business.
11. Japanese cultural center in Bishkek held a solemn meeting today. Head of
the center, Tagau Shiga, gave diploma to Kyrgyz people, graduated from the
Japanese courses, organized at the center. About 60 people received
certificates.
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
Subject: TRKNWS-L Turkish Radio Hour News
Date: Wed, 16 Jul 1997 16:23:50 -0400
Edited for the Turkish Radio Hour by Carol Dean Gumustel
* On Thursday, the Turkish Parliament debated the government
program of the new three-way minority coalition government
formed by Prime Minister Mesut Yilmaz. The coalition,
formed from the Motherland Party, the Democratic Left Party
and the Democrat Turkey Party holds 276 seats in the 550-
seat Parliament. Yilmaz presented his program for the new
government to the parliament on Monday, pledging a secular
democracy and measures to boost investment and create new
jobs in the economically stressed southeastern region.
In a vote of conference held early today, Yilmaz cabinet
received a vote of confidence, 281 to 254. Two deputies
abstained and the rest of the deputies did not show up.
Yilmaz has sent letters to the prime ministers of 15
members of the European Union, noting that the 55th
government of Turkey was determined to move closer to full
European Union membership. He has received praise from US
and European officials as being the best person to assume
control of the new government, and has been invited already
by German Prime Minister Helmut Kohl for an official visit
to Germany in September.
* According to a report by Business Week Turkish Airlines
ranks 160th in a list of "the leading 1,000 companies of the
world". Also, according to US published Airwatch Report,
which examines world airlines from the financial standpoint,
Turkish Airlines ranks 28th.
* According to Turkish officials, Qatar and Turkey are close
to concluding an agreement for the supply of one million
tons a year of liquefied natural gas for 25 years from mid-
1999.
* One of the world's most prestigious awards for medical
advancement, the "Electra" award, has been presented to
Turkish brain surgeon Ali Zirh of the American Hospital in
Istanbul. Awarded only once every four years, Zirh has been
given the award for his work on brain malfunctions and his
discoveries on the workings of the brain with respect to the
sense of taste. The accomplishments of Zirh in these
specialized areas of medical practice are particular
interest to individuals suffering from Parkinson's disease.
* Turkey was projected to be the fourth lowest investment
risk country among the largest emerging markets in the world
over the next five years, according to the "Country Risk
Review" released by DRI/McGraw-Hill, the world's leading
provider of economic forecasting, consulting and information
services. A list of the five lowest investment risk
countries were:
1. Argentina 2. Poland 3. Mexico 4. Turkey 5. India
---------------------------------------------------
>Subject: TRKNWS-L Turkish Press Review
>Date: 16 Jul 1997 08:53:32 -0400
DEMIREL: "CAUCASUS IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR TURKEY"
President Suleyman Demirel returned from his two-day official visit to
Tbilisi, Georgia yesterday. During the visit, Turkey and Georgia
signed a declaration that will increase cooperation between the two
countries. According to the declaration, the parties stressed the
importance to the region of the transportation of Central Asian oil to
world markets. Both parties repeated their wishes and expectations
that a significant amount of Central Asian and Caspian oil should pass
through Georgia and Turkey and that the oil pipeline would soon be
finished.
On his last day in Tbilisi, Demirel met with Georgian Speaker of
Parliament Zrab Jvania and said that different ethnic groups could
exist within one country because concepts, such as democracy, human
rights and equality would ensure the living together of many people
under one flag. Demirel noted that peace in the Caucasus was very
important for Turkey. Jvania said, for his part, that they
appreciated the efforts of Demirel to improve relations between the
two countries. He added that they wanted to integrate with Europe,
and Turkey was an example of how that could be done and there were
many other things that could be learned from Turkey. On his arrival
at Ankara's Esenboga Airport, Demirel held a press conference and said
that eleven agreements, which virtually complete the legal
infrastructure of cooperation between the two countries, were signed
during his visit to Tbilisi. /Sabah/
GROZNI-ISTANBUL FLIGHTS
Following a customs union recently set up between Russia and Georgia,
regular passenger flights between Chechenya and Turkey will start
tomorrow. Last week the airport in the Chechen capital of Grozni was
opened for international filghts, and the destinations of the first
international flights from this airport are Istanbul and Dubai in the
United Arab Emirates. /Sabah/
----------------------------------------------------
>From VOA
type=correspondent report
number=2-217140
title=cyprus talks wrap (l-only)
byline=elaine johanson
dateline=united nations
content=
voiced at:
intro: the united nations says it is hopeful that recent talks
between greek and turkish cypriot leaders in new york will lead
to a new approach in breaking a decades-long political impasse on
cyprus -- which has been virtualy partitioned for more than 20
years. secretary-general kofi annan's special adviser, diego
cordovez -- who led last week's meetings -- says the cypriots
seem to have the heart and the mind to try something new. v-o-a
correspondent elaine johanson reports.
text: the cyprus talks at this stage are about establishing a
process. actual negotiations are not expected to begin until
next year. but cypriot president glafkos clerides and turkish
cypriot leader rauf denktash have agreed tentatively to meet
again in switzerland next month and to meet (sometime) before
that in nicosia -- something they have not done at least in three
years.
u-n adviser cordovez calls the next round in august a defining
moment when the cypriots will respond specifically to his
proposals for changing their approach to a settlement. he wants
them to tackle issues one at a time, reaching agreement
incrementally until they have a package deal.
//cordovez act//
in the old system, they used to come to new york, or
vienna or wherever they went and they always started
with zero and were trying to reach an agreement on
everything. and they ended up agreeing on nothing.
//end act//
//opt// mr. cordovez hopes the new system will cut through the
historical grievances that have weighed efforts down in the past.
four secretaries-general have tried unsuccessfully to mediate the
dispute. //end opt//
the cypriots have been feuding for over 30 years. but the island
nation actually broke apart when turkish troops invaded in 1974
in response to a coup in nicosia backed by greece. the turkish
cypriots have since declared their independence, which the united
nations hopes to reverse with a new federal system of
power-sharing.
as for international involvement -- - mr. cordovez says outsiders
are useful mostly in a supportive role. the parties have met
separately with u-s envoy richard holbrooke, the author of the
dayton peace accord for bosnia.
//cordovez act//
the agreement is not going to be reached by mr. clinton,
by mr. holbrooke or by mr. kofi annan or by me. it will
be reached by mr. clerides and mr. denktash. and we are
all helping them. and i welcome any help i can get from
any quarter and certainly any help the united states can
give us and can give them is going to be very
significant.
//end act//
mr. cordovez says he has been in much tougher situations -- like
when he helped negotiate a soviet withdrawal from afghanistan in
the 1980's. he says at least cypriot president clerides and mr.
denktash -- though political foes -- are personal friends of
long-standing. the u-n adviser describes the atmosphere of last
week's meetings as excellent, with unprecedented cordiality.
they were held at a remote resort called troutbeck.
//rest opt//
the cypriots are under pressure to settle. the situation --
monitored by u-n peacekeepers since 1964 -- has been aggravated
recently by sporadic violence across the buffer zone. also,
cyprus wants admission to the european community. the european
union is trying to get a settlement first. mr. denktash objects
to the greek side applying for membership on behalf of his
breakaway republic. (signed)
neb/ej/rrm
14-jul-97 2:19 pm edt (1819 utc)
nnnn
source: voice of america
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
>>From: YANKI PURSUN <fyp@usa.net>
Subject: For TN - IEWS Russian Regional Report--17 July 1997
Date: Thu, 17 Jul 1997 22:12:27 -0200
-- AEROFLOT Director Valerii Okulov was in Kazan 12 July to discuss the
purchase of TU-214s produced in TATARSTAN. Tatar officials were extremely
upset about Aeroflot's plans announced last year to buy 10 Boeing 737-400s
and sought to get the company to buy domestically produced planes. However,
Okulov is concerned that the plane's avionic systems will not meet the
European standards that will go into effect in February 1998. The airline
did not commit itself to buying anything. (Kommersant-Daily, 15 July)
-- The joint venture between the YELABUG AUTOMOBILE FACTORY and GM to
manufacture Chevrolet Blazers has produced 1,000 vehicles to date and sold
200 of them. 500 kits remain to be assembled. The plant plans ultimately to
produce 50,000 cars a year with 70% local content. It now has dealers in
Kazan, Yelabug, St. Petersburg, and Moscow. Over five years, it plans to
sign agreements with 100 dealers in 62 large Russian cities.
------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: For TN - RFE/RL Newsline, No. 75, Part I, 17 July 1997
Date: Thu, 17 Jul 1997 22:12:39 -0200
BREAD, TRANSPORTATION PRICES RISE IN UZBEKISTAN. The prices
for bread and transportation have risen by some 40 percent,
according to Interfax on 15 July. At the beginning of July, wages,
pensions, and student grants were all raised. The official minimum
monthly wage is now 750 som ($12) and the minimum monthly
pension 1,400 som ($22).
PAKISTANI FOREIGN MINISTER IN TURKMENISTAN... Gohar Ayub
Khan was Turkmenistan from15-16 July to meet with President
Saparmurat Niyazov, according to ITAR-TASS and Interfax. The two
leaders discussed the situation in Afghanistan and agreed that
continued U.S.-Russian dialogue was essential for securing peace in
Afghanistan. They also discussed the proposed gas pipeline from
Turkmenistan to Pakistan, saying they hope the project would be
realized soon. Niyazov said his country could supply southern and
southwestern Asia with "energy supplies for many years to come."
Khan also sought Niyazov's help in mediating Pakistani disputes with
India.
...AND IN AZERBAIJAN. Khan arrived in Baku on 16 July for a two-
day official visit, ITAR-TASS and Turan reported. In a meeting with
his Azerbaijani counterpart, Hasan Hasanov, and with President
Heidar Aliev, Khan said his country will support Azerbaijan's position
in the Karabakh conflict both at bilateral meetings and in
international forums. Possible areas for expanding cooperation were
discussed, including the training of Azerbaijani students and military
personnel in Pakistan. Khan proposed that part of Azerbaijan's
Caspian oil could be exported by the planned pipeline from
Turkmenistan via Afghanistan to Pakistan.
AZERBAIJAN RECEIVES OBSERVER STATUS IN WTO. The World Trade
Organization granted Azerbaijan observer status on 16 July and will
begin negotiations on granting it full membership, Western agencies
reported. This process is likely to last two or three years. Also on 16
July, state economic adviser Vahid Ahundov told journalists in Baku
that Azerbaijan's GDP grew by 5.2 percent during the first six months
of 1997 and foreign investment by 45 percent, compared with the
same period last year, according to Interfax. In 1996, Azerbaijan
registered GDP growth of 1.6 percent after five consecutive years of
decline.
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
>>From: Eurasia Research Center <eurasia@earthlink.net>
Subject: Lessons from the Tajik Conflict
Date: Tue, 15 Jul 1997 08:30:23 -0700
The recent agreement of national accord for Tajikistan shows that regional
powers, such as Iran and Russia can make a major contribution to the
negotiated end to civil wars in neighboring countries. As long as regional
powers insist on helping the faction of their choice to pursue a military
victory, there will be little hope of peace. As long as regional powers
are providing major assistance to their local clients in these conflicts,
they will encourage rival powers to do the same. In Tajikistan, once
Russia decided to end its support for a Rakhmonov monopoly on power, it
was possible to work constructively towards a negotiated solution. The
stiff military resistance of the Tajik opposition made this impossible.
The Tajik opposition was able to counter the military support Russia was
providing the Rakhmonov government with successful guerilla tactics and
outside assistance of its own, mainly from sympathetic factions in
Afghanistan.
The Tajik case holds lessons for Afghanistan. In Afghanistan, Pakistan is
the outside power which has most aggressively and persistently intervened
on behalf of its chosen factions, first in support of Golbuddin Hekmatyar
and his allies, now in support of the Talibs. Pakistani support for the
Talib effort to seize control of all of Afghanistan has led other parties
such as Iran, Uzbekistan and Russia to provide military assistance to
opposing factions. The result has been intensified warfare and more
killing. The recent debacle of the Talibs in northern Afghanistan is
leading some in Pakistan to question the policies of the Pakistani
military and intelligence services.
Is Pakistan finally ready to end its dream of friendly Pashtoon dominated
regime in Afghanistan. Will Pakistan finally get behind a concerted effort
to bring about a negotiated end to the conflict and the creation of a
broad based Afghan government with representation of all of Afghanistan's
major constituencies?
One should hope that the Pakistanis will learn the lesson the Russians
have learned in Tajikistan. The pursuit of military solutions and the
one-sided imposition of a factional monopoly is bound to fail.
Alan Fogelquist
News updates, briefings and analytical reports on Turkey, Iran, Russia,
Afghanistan, the Balkans, Caucasus, and Central Asia
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
>>From: "H. B. Paksoy" <paksoy@babbage.franklin.edu>
Date: Wed, 16 Jul 1997 14:35:56 -0400
Book Notes
Zahir al-din Muhammad Babur, BABUR-NAMA (VAQAYI).
Critical Edition based on Four Chaghatay Texts with
Introduction and Notes, by Eiji MANO. (Kyoto: Syokado.
Nakanishi Printing Co., 1995). Frontispiece + LIX + 610 Pp.
[Orders: Shokado, Nakanashi Printing Company,
Shimotachiuri Ogawa Higashi, Kamikyo-ku, Kyoto, 602 JAPAN]
The Editor of this important and handsomely produced work,
Professor Eiji Mano, is a member of the Faculty of Letters, Kyoto
University. With Japanese and English Introductions, the 610
page corrected text of BABUR-NAMA (VAQAYI) is printed in the
Arabic Alphabet. Professor Mano, in the Foreword, writes:
...BABUR-NAMA [is] the masterpiece of Chaghatay Turkic
literature and an incomparable source for research on
Central Asia, Afghanistan and India in the fifteenth
and sixteenth centuries
The publication of the book was subsidized by the Japan
Ministry of Education, under its "Science and Culture 'Grant-in-
aid for Publication of Scientific Research Results'" program.
Professor Mano indicates that over the years he has also received
research funds from the Mitsubishi Foundation as well.
The Four Texts used in the preparation of this volume are:
1) Annette S. Beveridge, THE BABAR-NAMA. BEING THE
AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF EMPEROR BABAR, THE FOUNDER OF THE MOGHUL
DYNASTY IN INDIA, WRITTEN IN CHAGHATAY TURKISH, NOW
REPRODUCED IN FACSIMILE FROM A MANUSCRIPT BELONGING TO THE
LATE SIR SALAR JANG OF HAYDARABAD AND EDITED WITH A PREFACE
AND INDEXES (London, 1905);
2) N. Ilminski, BABAR-NAMEH DIAGATAICE AD FIDEM CODICIS
METROPOLITANI (Cazani, 1857);
3) National Library of Scotland (Edinburgh) MS. Adv.
18.3.18;
4) British Library (London) MS. Add. 26,324.
Professor Mano notes that he has been working on the
production of a corrected text of BABUR-NAMA for the past thirty
years. He further announces that he is now planning: A) A
comprehensive index of all the Chaghatay vocabulary used in the
BABUR-NAMA; B) A Japanese translation; C) A collection of
research articles on Central Asia of the fourteenth and sixteenth
centuries described in the BABUR-NAMA.
Masashi HANEDA and Toru MIURA, Editors, ISLAMIC URBAN
STUDIES (London/New York: Kegan Paul International, 1994). 345
Pp (including individual bibliographies for each chapter) +
Index.
Contents: Masashi HANEDA, "Introduction;" Masatoshi
KISAICHI, "The Maghrib;" Toru MIURA, "Mashriq;" Kayoko HAYASHI,
"Turkey;" Masashi HANEDA, "Iran;" Hisao KOMATSU; "Central
Asia;" Toru MIURA, "Conclusion."
The preface of this volume states:
This study has two foci. First, it coordinates,
without distinction of academic field, the main research
that has been done since the 19th century in regard to the
cities of five regions that came under sway of Islam
comparatively early.... Second, through comparing the
history of scholarship regarding the cities of those five
regions, it throws light on the issues that have exercised
academic concern in urban studies of the Islamic world as a
whole to the present and tries to suggest new perspectives
for future research.... It has not been our intention,
however to provide either comprehensive bibliographies or a
systematized history of scholarship and academic theories.
Rather than merely criticizing what has been done in the
past, we have placed weight on clarifying currents of
research and exploring topics that look to the future, and
aimed, not at a uniform review, but at a study of selected,
epochal work, in order to bring into relief study motifs and
questions of methods and approach....
Eiji MANO and Kazuyuki KUBO, A SYNTHETICAL STUDY ON CENTRAL
ASIAN CULTURE IN THE TURCO-ISLAMIC PERIOD (Kyoto, 1997) Pp 67 +
93. [Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A): 1994-1996, The
Ministry of Education, Science, Sports ad Culture, JAPAN.
(Project No. 6301043)] Large format: 29.5 X 21 cm.
The first section of this report, by Eiji MANO, has the
title " An Attempt at a Critical Text of One Section of the
Tarikh-i Rashidi" in English and in Japanese, with scholarly
apparatus. The 93 page second section, in the Arabic alphabet
throughout, is devoted to Kazuyuki KUBO edition of SHAYBANINAMA
by Mulla Binai, Kamal al-Din Ali.
Both authors can be reached at the Faculty of Letters, Kyoto
University, Kyoto, Japan 606-01.
H. B. Paksoy
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
Subject: TMG Past Attempts To Create Tatar Statehood
>>From: SabirzyanB@aol.com
Date: Wed, 16 Jul 1997 01:29:59 -0400 (EDT)
The formation of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (TASSR) was
preceded by two other projects under different names for the creation of a
Tatar state. One of these projects was a national one and the other Soviet,
and they both envisaged the annexation of more territory and with it a
considerably larger population of Tatars than are present in the republic
today.
The Tatar-Bashkir National Assembly, which was convened in Ufa from November
22, 1917, to January 11, 1918, passed a resolution proclaiming the formation
of an independent Tatar-Bashkir state in the area between the Volga and the
Urals, giving the new state the name "Idel-Ural", which means "Volga-Ural".
In 1997 we will celebrate the 80th anniversary of the proclamation of the
independent Tatar state "Idel-Ural".
"Idel-Ural" was seen by the Bolsheviks as a bourgeois nationalist creation
and ultimately wiped out by military force. To counter the idea of an
independent Idel-Ural, the Soviet government on March 23, 1918, published a
"Statute Concerning the Tatar-Bashkir Soviet Republic." This Soviet
republic, without the adjective "Socialist", was to include the entire Ufa
gubernia (province), the Bashkir part of the Orenburg gubernia, Kazan
gubernia with the exception of the Chuvash-Cheremis part, and the adjacent
parts of Perm, Vyatka, Simbirsk and the Samara gubernia.
For a number of reasons this "Statute" was not put into force. First the
occupation of the Volga-Ural oblast by Czechoslovak insurgents and Kolchak's
troops in 1918 interrupted the work on the formation of the Tatar-Bashkir
Republic. Even before that, Soviet Russian organizations resisted the
creation of the republic. In May 1918, for example, at a conference held in
Moscow to prepare the Constituent Assembly of the Tatar-Bashkir Republic,
various representatives from ethnically Russian regions attacked the
organization of the Tatar-Bashkir Republic, calling it a concession to Tatar
nationalism.
After the White army was ousted from the Volga and the Ural, the situation
changed drastically to the advantage of the opponents of the Tatar-Bashkir
Republic. Feeling firmer ground under their feet, Lenin and Stalin now
joined forces with the opponents of the formation of the Tatar-Bashkir
Republic. Frequent appeals to Lenin from Tatar representatives for
enforcement of the "Statute Concerning the Tatar-Bashkir Republic" of March
23, 1918, failed, and finally it was repealed. Instead of the Tatar-Bashkir
Republic, two small autonomous republics were formed -- Tataria and
Bashkiria.
The frontiers of the Tatar ASSR were demarcated in such a way that in
included only 1.459.000 Tatars, about one-third of the total number of
4.200.000 Tatars in the USSR at that time.
The Tatar ASSR was set up on the one hand as a kind of compensation for
frequent disappointments of the Tatar people, whose dissatisfaction
culminated in large-scale popular uprisings in the Kazan and Ufa gubernias in
the spring of 1920, and on the other as a concession to the Tatar Communists,
whose services the Bolsheviks still required in order to carry out their
expansion in the Moslem East.
(based on Tamurbek Davletshin's article in the magazine "Problems of the
Peoples of the USSR", # 8, 1961)
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
Mark Hubey ---------------------------------------------------------
http://www.csam.montclair.edu/Faculty/Hubey.html
hubey@pegasus.montclair.edu hubeyh@alpha.montclair.edu
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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